基本的なことは[[JasperReports と iReport]]を参照。

!!!プログラムでデザインを作成する
大きくやるべきことは
+デザインの作成（レポート全体の設定）
+フィールドの設定
+各Sectionの設定（HeaderとかDetailとか）
+各Band（Sectionを構成する要素）へJRElementの追加

!!デザインを作成する
XMLを直接出力しても良いが、JasperReportのAPIを使ったほうが良い。
{{code Java,
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.*;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.*;
import net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.*;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRLoader;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.xml.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;


public class test {
  public static void main(String[] args){
    new test();
  }
  
  public test(){
    try {
      try ( 
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("test.xml"));
        OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(bos);
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(writer);
        )
      {
        // デザインの設定
        JasperDesign jasperDesign = new JasperDesign();
        jasperDesign.setName("test1");
        jasperDesign.setLanguage("groovy");
        jasperDesign.setPageWidth(501);
        jasperDesign.setPageHeight(709);
        jasperDesign.setColumnWidth(461);
        jasperDesign.setLeftMargin(20);
        jasperDesign.setRightMargin(20);
        jasperDesign.setTopMargin(20);
        jasperDesign.setBottomMargin(20);
        jasperDesign.setWhenNoDataType(JRReport.WHEN_NO_DATA_TYPE_ALL_SECTIONS_NO_DETAIL );
        JRDesignField field = new JRDesignField();
        field.setName("val1");
        jasperDesign.addField(field);
        
        // title
        JRDesignBand band = new JRDesignBand();
        band.setHeight(30);
        band.setSplitType(JRBand.SPLIT_TYPE_STRETCH);
        jasperDesign.setTitle(band);
        band.addElement(getStaticText("test",226,0,100,20));
        
        // detail
        band = new JRDesignBand();
        band.setHeight(31);
        band.setSplitType(JRBand.SPLIT_TYPE_STRETCH);
        
        band.addElement(getText(
          "$F{val1}",
          String.class,
          10,10,100,20)
          );
        band.addElementGroup(getLines(10,0,100,30));
        
        band.addElement(
          getText2("$F{val1}",
          String.class,
          110,10,100,20)
          );
        band.addElementGroup(getLines(110,10,100,20));
        
        JRDesignSection section = (JRDesignSection)jasperDesign.getDetailSection();
        section.addBand(band);
        
        // 試しにXML出力
        String xml = JRXmlWriter.writeReport(jasperDesign,"UTF-8");
        pw.write(xml);
        
        JasperReport jasperReport = JasperCompileManager.compileReport(jasperDesign);
        
        Map parameters = new HashMap();
        // parameters.put("Title", "Basic JasperReport");
        // parameters.put("MaxSalary", new Double(25000.00));
        // parameters.put("SUBREPORT_DIR","report\\");
        //
        
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("data.csv"));
        JRCsvDataSource jrdata = new JRCsvDataSource(br);
        jrdata.setFieldDelimiter(',');
        jrdata.setUseFirstRowAsHeader(true);
        jrdata.setRecordDelimiter("\r\n");
        
        JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport,
          parameters, jrdata);
        
        JasperViewer.viewReport(jasperPrint);
        // JasperExportManager.exportReportToPdfFile(jasperPrint, "test.pdf");
        
      } catch (Exception writeError){
        writeError.printStackTrace();
      }
      
    } catch (Exception e){
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  
  JRDesignElement getStaticText(String text, int x, int y, int width, int height){
    JRDesignStaticText element = new JRDesignStaticText();
    element.setX(x);
    element.setY(y);
    element.setWidth(width);
    element.setHeight(height);
    element.setText(text);
    return element;
  }
  
  JRDesignElement getText(String text, Class textClass, int x, int y, int width, int height){
    JRDesignTextField element = new JRDesignTextField();
    element.setX(x);
    element.setY(y);
    element.setWidth(width);
    element.setHeight(height);
    
    JRDesignExpression exp = new JRDesignExpression();
    exp.setText(text);
    exp.setValueClass(textClass);
    element.setExpression(exp);
    element.setPdfFontName("HeiseiKakuGo-W5");
    element.setPdfEncoding("UniJIS-UCS2-H");
    
    return element;
  }
  
  JRDesignElement getText2(String text, Class textClass, int x, int y, int width, int height){
    JRDesignTextField element = new JRDesignTextField();
    element.setX(x);
    element.setY(y);
    element.setWidth(width);
    element.setHeight(height);
    
    JRDesignExpression exp = new JRDesignExpression();
    exp.setText(text);
    exp.setValueClass(textClass);
    element.setExpression(exp);
    element.setPdfEmbedded(true);
    element.setPdfFontName("Consolas_IPAG7_0.ttf");
    element.setPdfEncoding("Identity-H");
    
    return element;
  }
  
  JRDesignElementGroup getLines(int x, int y, int width, int height){
    JRDesignElementGroup group = new JRDesignElementGroup();
    JRDesignLine line = new JRDesignLine();
    line.setX(x);
    line.setY(y);
    line.setWidth(width);
    line.setHeight(0);
    group.addElement(line);
    
    line = new JRDesignLine();
    line.setX(x);
    line.setY(y);
    line.setWidth(0);
    line.setHeight(height);
    group.addElement(line);
    
    line = new JRDesignLine();
    line.setX(x);
    line.setY(y+height);
    line.setWidth(width);
    line.setHeight(0);
    group.addElement(line);
    
    line = new JRDesignLine();
    line.setX(x+width);
    line.setY(y);
    line.setWidth(0);
    line.setHeight(height);
    group.addElement(line);
    
    return group;
  }
}
}}

グループとか集計等もできるけど、省略。


!!!出力されるXMLの例
以下のようなXMLをプログラムで作成すれば良い。
{{code HTML,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jasperReport xmlns="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd" name="test1" language="groovy" pageWidth="501" pageHeight="709" whenNoDataType="AllSectionsNoDetail" columnWidth="461" leftMargin="20" rightMargin="20" topMargin="20" bottomMargin="20">
  <field name="val1" class="java.lang.String"/>
  <title>
    <band height="30" splitType="Stretch">
      <staticText>
        <reportElement x="226" y="0" width="100" height="20"/>
        <textElement/>
        <text><![CDATA[test]]></text>
      </staticText>
    </band>
  </title>
  <detail>
    <band height="31" splitType="Stretch">
      <textField>
        <reportElement x="10" y="10" width="100" height="20"/>
        <textElement>
          <font pdfFontName="HeiseiKakuGo-W5" pdfEncoding="UniJIS-UCS2-H"/>
        </textElement>
        <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{val1}]]></textFieldExpression>
      </textField>
      <elementGroup>
        <line>
          <reportElement x="10" y="0" width="100" height="1"/>
        </line>
        <line>
          <reportElement x="10" y="0" width="1" height="30"/>
        </line>
        <line>
          <reportElement x="10" y="30" width="100" height="1"/>
        </line>
        <line>
          <reportElement x="110" y="0" width="1" height="30"/>
        </line>
      </elementGroup>
    </band>
  </detail>
</jasperReport>
}}

{{category2 プログラミング言語,Java}}